Shock-absorber.



SHOCK ABSORBER.

APPLICATION 111.131) 001.12, 1912.

l Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

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THOMAS C. KINKAID, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

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To all whom it may concern i Be it known that I, THOMAS C. KINKAID,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the phia and State of Pennsylvania, have in'- vented certain new and useful Improvements in Shock-Absorbers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates toimprovements 1n shock absorbers, the object of the invention being to provide a shock absorber comprising a'cylinder having a movable piston therein, and form in the inner face of the cylinder, projecting in opposite directions from the normal position of the piston, triangularly shaped longitudinally disposed grooves, the widerv ends of said grooves located at the normal position of the piston, and provide in said cylinder a fluid which by-passes through the grooves as the piston Amoves and which by-passes are reduced as the piston moves toward either end of the cylinder due to theA triangular shape of said grooves.

A further objectis to provide a shock absorber which is of extreme simplicity and which utilizes the action of springs and the luy-passing of Huid, the resistance to the movementl of the movable member increasing in proportion to the movement of the movable member away from the normal position of the same.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combinations and arrangements of parts as will be more fully' hereinafter described and pointed out in the claim.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal section illustrating my improvements. Fig. -2 is a view in longitudinalsection at right angles to Fig. l, and Fig. 3 is a view on the line 3 8 of Fig. 1.

l represents a cylinder and 2 a piston snugly fitting the cylinder .and mounted to reciprocate therein. A rod 3 is secured to the piston 2 and extends through a packing gland 4 in the end of the cylinder, it being understood, of course, that the cylinder is closed at both ends. The cylinder l contains a liquid filling the same, and on opposite sides of the piston coiled springs 6 are located bearing at oneend against the piston and at their other ends against the ends of the cylinder, maintaining the piston nor- A Specification'. of Letters Patent. Application ledctober 12, 1912. Serial No. 725,374.

county of Philadelthe resistance to the in transverse section Aand' scope of the Patented oet. e, i914.

mally in a position intermediate the ends of the cylinder. In the inner face of the cylinder and at'both sides of the normal position ofthe piston, longitudinal triangular shaped grooves 7 are provided. The larger ends of all of these grooves are located at the normal position of the piston, and are cuil off when the piston is in normal position. The piston must. therefore move a slight distance before the by-pass begins, hence, the iirst or severe shock is utilized in very slightly compressing the fluid. It will also I be noted that by this arrangement the bypass is opened gradually. I have illustrated the grooves inyone end of the cylinder, lo- Y cated at an angle of ninety degrees to the grooves in the other end ofthe cylinder, and this arrangement is aI preferable one. When the piston moves in either direction from the normal position illustrated, the fluid in one end'of the cylinder must pass around the piston to the other end of the cylinder, and this is permitted by the ygrooves 7, so that the latter 'operate' as liquid by-passes and such lay-passes' are of maximum size at the ini-tial movement of the piston and gradually decrease as the piston moves in either direction away from its normal position, hence itwill be noted that not only will the springs exert the greater pressure as the piston moves, but

is augmented in just the proportion as-the' piston moves, so that the greater the movement, the greater the resistance, and'hence a cushioning effect is had without jar or vibration. The piston returns to its normal position and is maintained in this normal position by the springs.

Various slight changes might be made' in the general form and arrangement of parts described without departing from my invention, andhence I do not limit myself to the precise details set forth, but consider 1 myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairlyl fall within the spirit appended claim.

Having thus described what lv claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

A device of the character described, com` Erising a cylinder constructed to contain uid, and al piston movable inthe cylinder, said cylinder having in its inner face two pairs of longitudinal grooves forming bypasses, said pairs of by-passes of leasttransmovement of the piston my invention,

verse eres.. adjacent the ends of the cylinder sind increasing in transverse area, to their other ends, the larger ends or seid ley-passes all located et e point intermediate the ends of the cylinder and ell overlying the oireuxnferenee of 'he pistonwhen the letter is in normal position, and seid piston when in normal position covering the inner ends o' said loy-pesses end closing communicw :animee 

